Various activities of the Sun, such as flare, coronal mass ejections, solar wind, which will affect the normal work of satellites, radio communication and electric power system. Therefore, researching the activities of the Sun has great significance for human. Moreover, these activities are dominated by the magnetic field. The purpose of study the solar dynamo theories is not only to unpuzzle the correlation and variation among various activities, but also to explain the origin and character of the magnetic fields on the Sun. The paper briefly reviews the relevant observational data pertaining to sunspots and solar cycle first and researches evolution if the solar dynamo theories. Then the three basic elements of the dynamo, the differential rotation, meridional circulation and magnetic diffusivity, with the fundamental equations of magnetic field generation are introduced. Magnetic induced equation is the first basic equation for dynamo theories and the first item of induced equation is from Ohm s law. What s more, mean field dynamos which contain Babcock-Leighton dynamo, interface dynamo and flux transport dynamo, non-axisymmetric dynamo, MHD simulation and small scale dynamo are described. The advantages and shortcomings of them are presented respectively. Finally, the existing problems and possible development in the future for solar dynamo theories are suggested.
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