Whistler Waves Excited by Loss-cone Distribution Electrons

One-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations are performed in this paper to investigate the nonlinear evolution of whistler waves excited by the electron temperature anisotropy of loss-cone distribution, and compared with the results of bi-Maxwellian distribution. The simulation results indicate that the dominant frequencies in linear growth stage, which contain the most power, are the same in both situations, and that the electron temperature parallel to the background magnetic field is enhanced by the excitation of the waves. The whistler waves with the dominant frequency can be excited earlier with loss-cone distribution and the power is more concentrated in higher frequency (shorter wavelength). The excitations of whistler waves in different anisotropies and different magnetic fields are also studied.