Abstract: With regard to anisotropic plasmas, the Maxwell molecule collision model is used to describe ion-neutral collisions of Boltzmann equation. The viscous and heat flow are included in transport equations based on the two-Maxwellian distribution. The expressions of the ion drift velocity, ion parallel and perpendicular temperature, stress tensor and heat flow for parallel and perpendicular energy can be obtained by solving the transport equations. The ion velocity distribution of Maxwell molecule collision model can be obtained using the 16-moment approximation. According to the Sheffield's theories, the incoherent scatter spectra are calculated. In comparison to relaxation collision model, it is reasonable to use the Maxwell molecule collision model to describe the collision process of the non-Maxwellian ionospheric plasma in E region.