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摘要: 地磁导航是无源自主导航技术研究的新方向. 分析了地磁导航的基本原理, 描述了典型磁暴过程, 并针对地磁导航在磁暴环境中的适用性进行了研究. 在采用曲面样条方法对实测地磁场数据建立观测模型的基础上, 结合广义卡尔曼滤波方法讨论了磁暴不同阶段对地磁导航精度造成的影响. 分别采用理论典型磁暴数据以及实测磁暴数据进行仿真, 仿真结果表明, 在磁暴的初相、恢复相的中后时段以及中等强度以下的磁暴全过程仍然可以采用地磁来进行导航定位, 导航精度在200 m以内, 满足飞行器中程制导的精度要求.Abstract: Geomagnetic navigation is a new branch of the passive autonomous navigation technique. The theory of geomagnetic navigation was analyzed. The process of typical magnetic storm is described. The feasibility of geomagnetic navigation during magnetic storms is analyzed in this paper. With employment of experimental data, the measurement equations are obtained by using surface Spline method. Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is applied to navigation calculation, and the navigation accuracy is discussed during different phases of magnetic storm. The simulations are calculated with theoretical model data and real magnetic storm data. Results show that the feasibility of magnetic navigation is verified during the initial and later recovery phases of all the storms. And the conclusion is also valid in all the phases of a storm which is less than or equal to moderate intensity. Positioning error is lower than 200 m, which meets the guidance requirement in the mid-course of flight vehicle.
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Key words:
- Geomagnetic navigation /
- Magnetic storm /
- Surface Spline /
- Extended Kalman Filter (EKF)
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