Short arc initial orbit determination of space debris based on commercial space monitoring data
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摘要: 随着国内空间碎片监测设备的不断增多,如何有效利用大量观测数据以发挥商业航天的价值,成为一个值得深入研究的重要课题。本文利用我国商业航天公司的“仰望一号”天基观测数据和“烛龙”地基观测网的数据,开展了GEO(地球同步轨道)目标和LEO(低地球轨道)目标的初轨确定,并通过TLE作为已知值来估计初轨误差。具体结果如下:GEO目标的观测弧长约为49.8s,初轨半长轴误差为84.4km,倾角误差为0.4度;LEO目标的观测弧长约为84.5s,初轨半长轴误差为12km,倾角误差为0.08度。结果表明,本文采用的初轨确定算法是可行的,并展示了商业航天领域中天地基光电监测设备的巨大潜力。Abstract: As domestic space debris monitoring equipment continues to increase, effectively utilizing the vast amount of observational data to enhance the value of commercial space has become a crucial topic for in-depth research. This paper employs data from China's commercial space company's "Yuanwang-1" space-based observation system and the "Zhulong" ground-based monitoring network to determine initial orbits for GEO (geostationary orbit) and LEO (low Earth orbit) targets. TLEs (Two-Line Elements) are used as known values to estimate initial orbit errors. The results are as follows: for GEO targets, the observation arc length is approximately 49.8 seconds, with initial orbit semi-major axis and inclination errors of 84.4 km and 0.4 degrees, respectively; for LEO targets, the observation arc length is about 84.5 seconds, with initial orbit semi-major axis and inclination errors of 12 km and 0.08 degrees, respectively. The results demonstrate the feasibility of the initial orbit determination algorithm used and highlight the significant potential of space-based and ground-based optical-electronic monitoring equipment in the commercial space sector.
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