New Method and Accuracy Analysis for Medium and Long-term Prediction of BDS-3 Orbit
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摘要: 长期预报轨道约束是抑制卫星导航系统自主导航惯性系整体旋转的有效方法之一,而影响轨道长期预报精度的主要因素为光压摄动模型的不确定性较大。本文利用光压系数与太阳高度角密切相关的特性,提出对ECOM-5光压模型参数进行建模和预报更新的方法进行轨道长期预报,并对该方法的轨道预报性能进行评估。以北斗MEO/IGSO卫星为例,对2022年1月1日至2023年6月1日之间预报18组90天轨道,以CODE北斗卫星精密星历作为参考轨道,评估北斗卫星轨道长期预报的性能。试验结果表明,采用本文提出的轨道预报方法对导航卫星进行90天轨道预报, MEO卫星第30天、60天、90天预报轨道三维位置误差RMS均值约200m、700m、1.4km,轨道URE RMS的均值分别为18.79m、61.43m、124.00m;轨道倾角i RMS均值分别为6.07mas、9.76mas、12.38mas,升交点赤经Ω RMS均值分别为6.47mas、11.24mas、14.88mas;IGSO卫星预报轨道三维位置误差较MEO卫星差一个量级,i和Ω预报误差与MEO卫星相当。因此,可以得到结论:该方法获得的中长期预报轨道三维位置以及轨道定向参数i和Ω具有较高的精度,有望为抑制导航卫星星座自主导航惯性系整体旋转提供有力的支持。
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关键词:
- 北斗三号导航卫星 /
- ECOM-5光压模型 /
- 轨道长期预报 /
- 轨道定向参数
Abstract: Long-term orbit prediction serves as an effective method to suppress the overall rotation of the inertial frame in autonomous navigation of satellite navigation systems, and the main factor influencing the accuracy of long-term orbit prediction is the uncertainty associated with the solar radiation pressure perturbation model. This paper proposes a method of modeling and updating the ECOM-5 solar radiation pressure model parameters for long-term orbit prediction, and evaluates its performance by fully using the correlation between the solar radiation pressure coefficient and the solar altitude angle. Taking 24 Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellites and 2 Inclined Geosynchronous Orbit (IGSO) satellites of the Beidou-3 global navigation satellite system (BDS-3) as an example, 18 groups of 90 days’ orbits were predicted from 2022/01/01 to 2023/06/01. And then the precise ephemeris of Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) was used as the reference orbit to evaluate the performance of long-term orbit prediction. The experiments results indicate that adopting the new orbit prediction method proposed in this paper for 90 days’ orbit prediction of navigation satellites, for MEO satellites, the average Root Mean Square (RMS) of the three-dimensional position error on the 30th day, 60th day, 90th day is approximately 200m, 700m, and 1.4km, respectively, and that of the average URE RMS of the orbit is 18.79m, 61.43m, and 124.00m, respectively; The RMS mean values of the orbital inclination angle i are 6.07mas, 9.76mas, and 12.38mas, respectively, and those of the right ascension of the ascending node Ω are 6.47mas, 11.24mas, and 14.88mas, respectively; For IGSO satellites, the three-dimensional position error of the forecast orbit is one order of magnitude lower than that of MEO satellites, while the prediction errors of i and Ω are comparable to those of MEO satellites. Therefore, it can be concluded that the method in this paper exhibits high accuracy in predicting long-term orbital positions and orbital orientation parameters i and Ω, which is expected to provide essential support for mitigating the overall rotation of autonomous navigation of navigation satellite constellations. -
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