空中拖曳锥杆式对接电磁锁紧装置设计
doi: 10.11728/cjss2025.06.2024-0196 cstr: 32142.14.cjss.2024-0196
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赵俊杰 男, 1990年8月出生, 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速所工程师, 主要从事流固耦合分析. E-mail: zhaojj15@lzu.edu.cn -
吴福章 男, 1987年2月出生, 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速所高级工程师, 主要从事动力模拟研究. E-mail: wufuzhang208@163.com
作者简介:
Research on the Electromagnetic Locking Device Design for Aerial Towed System Probe Docking
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摘要: 空中拖曳系统是由拖曳飞行器平台、绳缆和拖曳体组成, 可以执行物资运输、载荷回收等任务, 显著拓展了空中作业空间范围. 拖曳体和拖曳飞行器平台连接过程中, 受拖曳飞行器平台尾流场以及柔性绳缆受气流因素干扰, 致使拖曳体连接过程存在困难, 需要对对接方式进行详细研究. 以空中拖曳锥杆式对接方式为研究对象, 设计了一种锥杆式对接电磁锁紧装置, 给出了快速锁紧与紧急释放的电磁锁紧原理. 通过建立对接过程有限元模型, 以电磁力作为变元进行参数化研究, 获得了电磁对接装置的响应数据. 采用电容供电情形下, 在电容0.5 F以上时, 2 mm×15 mm线规条件下电磁力最大可以达到1000 N以上. 所设计的拖曳锥杆式对接电磁锁紧装置, 为空中对接装置设计提供了新思路.Abstract: The aerial towing system consists of a towing aircraft platform, a cable, and a towed body. It can perform tasks such as material transportation and load recovery, significantly expanding the scope of aerial operation space. During the connection process between the towed body and the towing aircraft platform, the towed body faces difficulties in connection due to the interference from the wake flow field of the towing aircraft platform and the influence of airflow on the flexible cable. Therefore, a detailed study on the docking method is required. The research object is the aerial towed system probe docking. An electromagnetic locking device is designed. The electromagnetic locking principle of rapid locking and emergency release is given. By establishing the finite element model considering the docking process, the response data of the electromagnetic docking mechanism is obtained considering the electromagnetic force as a variable. When the capacitor is used for power supply, the maximum electromagnetic force can reach more than 1000 N under the condition of 2 mm×15 mm wire gauge when the capacitor is above 0.5 F. This docking electromagnetic locking device in this paper provides a new idea for the air docking design.
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Key words:
- Probe docking /
- Electromagnetic locking /
- Finite element
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图 1 锥杆式对接电磁锁紧装置内部结构局部剖面(a)与去除L型锥杆后的局部整体(b)
Figure 1. Partial sectional view of the structure of electromagnetic locking device for probe docking (a) and a partial overall view after removing the L-shaped probe docking (b)
图 5 电磁锁紧装置截面磁场分布
Figure 5. Cross-sectional magnetic field distribution of the electromagnetic locking device
图 6 不同电流条件下电磁力随对接连杆位置变化
Figure 6. Diagram of electromagnetic force variation with docking rod position under different current conditions
图 7 对接连杆所受电磁力与其直径的关系
Figure 7. Relationship between electromagnetic force and diameter of the docking rod
图 8 线圈电感与对接连杆所处位置的关系
Figure 8. Relationship between coil inductance and the position of the docking rod
图 10 不同线规条件下对接连杆运动至末端时间与电容的关系
Figure 10. Relationship between the cost time of the docking rod moving to the end and the capacitance size under the different wire gauge conditions
图 11 不同线规条件下对接连杆运动至末端时所受电磁力与电容关系
Figure 11. Relationship between the electromagnetic force and the capacitance size when the docking rod moves to the end
表 1 电源直接对线圈供电情况下的相关技术参数
Table 1. Relevant technical parameters when the coil is directly powered by a power supply
lx /mm ly /mm R/Ω I/A U/V 匝数 安匝数 1 5 11.2 4.2 47.3 4111 17367 1 10 2.8 8.5 23.6 2040 17302 1 15 1.2 12.8 15.7 1348 17225 1 20 0.7 17.3 11.6 986 17011 2 15 0.3 25.8 7.7 660 17045 2 20 0.2 34.9 5.7 483 16837 3 20 0.1 52.3 3.8 322 16837 
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