基于跨阻抗前置放大器的宽频带感应式磁传感器的设计与验证

周斌; 薛永亮; 陶然; 程炳钧; 王子栋; 张海波; 吴新哲

doi:10.11728/cjss2024.01.2022-0073

基于跨阻抗前置放大器的宽频带感应式磁传感器的设计与验证

doi: 10.11728/cjss2024.01.2022-0073 cstr: 32142.14.cjss2024.01.2022-0073

周斌^{1, 2},
薛永亮^{1, 2},
陶然^{1, 2, 3},
程炳钧^{1, 2},
王子栋^{1, 2, 4},
张海波⁵,
吴新哲⁵

1.
中国科学院国家空间科学中心空间天气学国家重点实验室　北京　100190
2.
中国科学院国家空间科学中心太阳活动与空间天气重点实验室　北京　100190
3.
中科飞特(山东) 科技有限公司　聊城　250003
4.
中国科学院大学　北京　100049
5.
宜昌测试技术研究所　宜昌　100101

基金项目: 民用航天技术预先研究项目资助(D050103)

详细信息

作者简介:

周斌：男, 1979年10月出生于辽宁沈阳. 现为中国科学院国家空间科学中心正高级工程师, 主要研究方向为空间磁场与电场探测技术研究

中图分类号: V443
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-03-20
- 录用日期: 2024-01-15
- 修回日期: 2023-05-25
- 网络出版日期: 2023-07-19

Design and Verification of Wide-band Search Coil Magnetometer Based on Transimpedance Preamplifier

ZHOU Bin^{1, 2},
XUE Yongliang^{1, 2},
TAO Ran^{1, 2, 3},
CHENG Bingjun^{1, 2},
WANG Zidong^{1, 2, 4},
ZHANG Haibo⁵,
WU Xinzhe⁵

1.
State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190
2.
Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190
3.
Zhongke Feite (Shandong) Technology Co., Ltd., Liaocheng 250003
4.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
5.
Yichang Testing Technology Research Institute, Yichang 443003

摘要

摘要: 本文建立了一种基于跨阻抗前置放大器的磁传感器信号传递模型, 并在该模型的基础上推导出磁传感器的灵敏度和噪声理论值. 根据理论推导的结果, 进一步研究了感应式磁传感器设计方法, 以带宽0.01～10 kHz, 噪声1 fT·Hz^–1/2 (1～10 kHz)作为设计目标设计了一个感应式磁传感器, 并对这一传感器进行了性能验证试验. 在处理频率响应测试数据时设计了一种基于信号调制的处理方法, 有效提取特定频率得到幅值和相位, 并降低了随机噪声的干扰, 磁传感器–3 dB带宽达到了0.01～10 kHz. 在评估传感器噪声时, 采用双探头差分的方法消除了环境的干扰, 设计了相位差分析的评估方法, 确认在哪些频带双探头探测的信号是同源的, 在这些频带采用差分法评估是有效的. 评估的结果是, 传感器在1～10 kHz 实现了1 fT·Hz^–1/2噪声水平.
- 感应式磁传感器 /
- 搜索线圈 /
- 跨阻抗放大器 /
- 传递函数 /
- 噪声 /
- 数据处理
Abstract: The search coil magnetometer is widely used in space exploration and geological prospecting due to its high sensitivity and low noise level. This study presents a search coil sensor based on a transimpedance preamplifier to achieve a wide frequency bandwidth. The sensor directly connects the output signal of the inductive coil to the transimpedance preamplifier, which converts the AC magnetic field signal into an electrical signal. A signal transfer model of a magnetic sensor based on a transimpedance preamplifier is established, and the theoretical formula for sensitivity and noise is deduced. The search coil sensor is designed and developed using this formula to achieve a bandwidth of 0.01～10 kHz and a noise level of 1 fT·Hz^–1/2 at 1～10 kHz. A signal modulation method evaluates the sensor’s performance for efficient amplitude and phase extraction at a specific frequency. The dual sensor differential method eliminates environmental interference during sensor noise assessment, and a phase difference analysis evaluates the homologous frequency bands of signals detected by two probes. As a result, the sensor achieves a 1 fT·Hz^–1/2 noise level in the 1 kHz to 10 kHz range.
- Inductive magnetic sensor /
- Search coil /
- Transimpedance amplifier /
- Transfer function /
- Noise /
- Data processing

HTML全文

图 1 磁感应线圈的RLC电路模型(a)及其灵敏度曲线(b)

Figure 1. RLC circuit model (a) and the magnetic induction coil and its sensitivity curve (b)

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图 2 跨阻抗前置放大器与磁感应线圈电路(a)及系统传递(b)

Figure 2. Circuit block diagram (a) and system transfer block diagram (b) of the transimpedance preamplifier and magnetic induction coil. The introduction of noise is also pointed out in (b)

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图 3 传感器参数理论计算结果

Figure 3. Theoretical calculation results of sensor parameters

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图 4 感应式磁传感器样机及测试设备. (a) 感应式磁传感器样机，(b)频率响应实验的螺线管线圈，(c) 噪声测试磁屏蔽筒

Figure 4. Search coil magnetometer prototype and test equipment. (a) The search coil magnetometer prototype, (b) the solenoid coil used in frequency response testing,(c) the magnetic shield cylinder used in noise testing

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图 5 频率响应测试试验部署

Figure 5. Frequency response test deployment diagram

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图 6 频率响应测试结果与理论计算结果的对比

Figure 6. Comparison of frequency response test results with theoretical calculation results

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图 7 噪声测试试验部署

Figure 7. Noise test deployment diagram

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图 8 二个磁传感器信号相位差分析与差分噪声分析结果

Figure 8. Results of the phase difference analysis and differential noise analysis of the two magnetic sensor signals

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表 1 宽频磁传感器参数表

Table 1. Broadband magnetic sensor parameter table

线圈参数	取值
磁芯相对磁导率	8.2×10⁴
磁芯长度/mm	1000
绕线骨架长度/mm	700
绕线匝数	4200
放大器电压噪声/(nV·Hz^–1/2)	4
放大器电流噪声/( fA·Hz^–1/2)	10
反馈电阻/ kΩ	470
反馈电容/ pF	10

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