Characteristics of Global EIA in Moderate-to-High Solar Activity Years by Swarm Satellites Data
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摘要: 尽管前人已对赤道电离异常(Equatorial Ionization Anomaly, EIA)进行了大量研究,但目前对太阳活动中高年不同高度、地方时段EIA发生率(EIA Occurrence Rate, EOR)的全球经度变化和季节变化的研究尚不充分。本文用太阳活动中高年2022~2023年磁静日Swarm卫星的电子密度数据对EOR进行了研究,分析了Swarm-A/C(~462km)和Swarm-B(~510km)卫星高度处不同地方时(Local Time, LT)和季节EOR的经度分布。结果表明:(1)A/C卫星高度处的EOR一般高于B卫星的,18~22LT这种差异更明显。(2)在09~22LT时段,EOR一般呈现出春秋季节最大、夏季最低的季节变化特征。(3)在13~18LT时段,冬季EOR在经度上呈现峰-3结构,而春秋季节和夏季的EOR在经度上呈现峰-4结构。在18~22LT时段,冬季EOR在-50°E有最大值;春秋季节EOR经度上的变化幅度较小;夏季EOR极大值出现在-160°E和5°E附近区域。
Abstract: Although the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) has been widely studied, there is little research on the global longitudinal and seasonal variations of EIA Occurrence Rate (EOR) at different altitude during different local times in moderate-to-high solar activity years. In this study, EOR has been investigated by electron density data from Swarm satellites during the moderate-to-high solar activity years of 2022-2023 under quiet magnetic conditions. Longitudinal distributions of EOR at Swarm-A/C and Swarm-B satellite altitudes (~462km and ~510km) during different local time (LT) sectors and seasons were analyzed. Key findings include: (1) EOR values at Swarm-A/C satellite altitude are generally higher than those at Swarm-B altitude, with a more pronounced EOR difference between the two altitudes during 18-22LT compared to 09-18LT. (2) During 09-22LT, EOR values generally exhibit maxima in equinoxes and minima in summer. (3) During 13-18LT, EOR displays a three-peak longitudinal structure in winter, whereas four-peak structures emerge in equinoxes and summer. During 18-22LT, EOR peaks at -50°E in winter, while EOR shows small longitudinal fluctuations in equinoxes, and exhibits maximum values near -160°E and 5°E in summer.
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Key words:
- Ionosphere /
- EIA /
- Swarm satellite /
- EIA Occurrence Rate
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