嫦娥七号任务测月雷达定标方法及实现
doi: 10.11728/cjss2026.02.2025-0102 cstr: 32142.14.cjss.2025-0102
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李玉喜 男, 1984年4月出生于河南省孟州市, 现为中国科学院空天信息创新研究院副研究员, 主要研究方向为星载探测雷达系统的研制、探地雷达(GPR)信号处理技术等. E-mail: liyx002994@aircas.ac.cn
作者简介:
Calibration Method and Implementation for the Lunar Penetrating Radar on Chang’E-7 Mission
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摘要: 嫦娥七号搭载的测月雷达旨在探测月球次表层结构. 为确保探测数据的有效性, 并提升数据解译的准确性与一致性, 提出一套适用于航天级穿透雷达的系统定标方法, 包括全系统增益标定与系统传递函数标定等. 基于该方法, 对测月雷达进行系统定标, 明确其在轨运行的最优参数配置. 在此参数设置下, 雷达系统各项性能指标均达到设计要求: 低频通道与高频通道的系统增益分别为171.02 dB与169.70 dB, 分别满足400 m与40 m探测深度的需求. 所获取的接收时变增益曲线及系统传递函数经模拟月壤试验验证, 可为月面探测科学数据提供有效的校准基准. 该定标方案可为未来深空探测任务中的雷达系统校准提供技术参考与范式.Abstract: The Chang’E-7 mission carries a Lunar Penetrating Radar (LPR) for investigating lunar shallow subsurface structures. To ensure the validity of the acquired data and improve the accuracy and consistency of its interpretation, this study presents a comprehensive calibration framework suitable for space-grade penetrating radar systems, incorporating full-system gain calibration and system transfer function calibration, among others. Applying this methodology, the lunar radar system was rigorously calibrated, clarifying the optimal parameter configuration for its in-orbit operation. Under this parameter setting, all performance metrics of the radar system meet the design requirements: the system gains of the Low-Frequency (LF) and High-Frequency (HF) channels are 171.02 dB and 169.70 dB, respectively, fulfilling the detection depth requirements of 400 m and 40 m. The acquired Time-Varying Gain (TVG) curve and system transfer function, validated through simulated lunar regolith experiments, can provide effective calibration baselines for scientific data obtained during lunar surface exploration. This calibration scheme can serve as a technical reference for the calibration of radar systems in future deep-space exploration missions.
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Key words:
- Chang’E-7 /
- Lunar Penetrating Radar(LPR) /
- System calibration /
- System gain /
- Transfer function /
- Time-variant gain
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图 1 CE-7测月雷达器布局
Figure 1. Layout diagram of the CE-7 lunar penetrating radar on the lunar rover
图 4 接收机不同温度下的灵敏度和动态范围
Figure 4. Receiver sensitivity and dynamic range at different temperatures
图 11 测月雷达高频通道时变增益还原结果
Figure 11. Time-variant gain restoration results of the HF channel
图 15 系统传递函数校准探测数据. (a) 校准前信号, (b) 校准信号比对, (c) 利用校准后信号估算火山灰介电常数
Figure 15. Detection signal calibration using system transfer function. (a) Pre-calibration signal, (b) signal comparison during calibration, (c) dielectric constant estimation of volcanic ash using post-calibration signal
表 1 CE-7测月雷达的主要技术指标要求
Table 1. Main technical requirements of the CE-7 lunar penetrating radar
No. Parameter Low-frequency channel High-frequency channel 1 Operating frequency/MHz 10～110 100～1500 2 Transmit power/W ≥0.2 ≥0.2 3 Receiver dynamic range/dB ≥80 ≥70 4 Receiver sensitivity/dBm ≤–80 ≤–70 5 Antenna polarization HH HH, HV 6 Thickness resolution Better than 2 m(εr=6.0) Better than 15 cm(εr=3.0) 7 Penetration depth/m ≥400(εr=6.0) ≥40(εr=3.0) 8 Design lifetime/a ≥8 
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