嫦娥七号宽谱段红外光谱成像分析仪中长波谱段的定标方法及误差分析
doi: 10.11728/cjss2026.02.2025-0143 cstr: 32142.14.cjss.2025-0143
Calibration Methods and Error Analysis of the Mid- to Long Wave Bands of the Chang’e-7 Wide-band InfraRed Imaging Spectrometer
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摘要: 嫦娥七号任务轨道器拟搭载宽谱段红外光谱成像分析仪(Wide-band InfraRed Imaging Spectrometer, WIRIS), 将获取覆盖可见至长波红外(0.45~10 µm)的月球表面高光谱图像与热辐射信息, 为月球表面矿物成分识别、热环境与水/羟基探测等科学研究提供数据. 相比现有月球环绕光谱探测载荷, 为提升对硅酸盐矿物克里斯蒂安森特征(Christiansen Feature)、分子水等关键波段的定量反演能力, WIRIS在继承天问一号火星矿物光谱分析仪设计的基础上, 将高光谱成像谱段拓展至中长波红外(3.3~10 μm), 并通过同步温度测量, 有效降低了3 μm波段水/羟基特征反演中的热校正不确定性. 本文围绕WIRIS新拓展的中长波谱段定量化应用需求, 提出适应该波段的光谱、辐射与几何定标方法, 并结合实验数据分析了定标过程中的误差来源与不确定度. 研究结果可为WIRIS中长波红外数据的物理量反演及科学应用提供关键的技术支撑与方法基础.Abstract: The Chang’E-7 orbiter is expected to carry the Wide-band InfraRed Imaging Spectrometer (WIRIS), which will acquire high spectral resolution images and thermal emission data of the lunar surface across a broad spectral range from the visible to longwave infrared (0.45~10 µm). These data will support scientific investigations into lunar surface mineral composition, thermal environment, and water/hydroxyl detection. Compared to previous lunar orbital hyperspectral instruments, WIRIS enhances quantitative retrieval capabilities for key spectral features such as the Christiansen Feature of silicate minerals and molecular water. Building upon the design of the Tianwen-1 Mars Mineralogical Spectrometer, WIRIS extends its spectral coverage into the mid- to long-wave infrared range (3.3~10 μm), and incorporates simultaneous temperature measurements to reduce thermal correction uncertainties in the 3 μm water/hydroxyl absorption region. This study addresses the quantitative calibration requirements of the newly extended spectral range by proposing spectral, radiometric, and geometric calibration methods tailored for the mid- to long-wave infrared bands. Based on calibration experiments, the sources of error and associated uncertainties are analyzed. The results provide essential methodological and technical support for accurate physical parameter retrieval and scientific application of WIRIS mid- to long-wave infrared data.
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表 1 国际上主要的月球环绕探测成像光谱载荷性能对比
Table 1. Performance comparisons of the main imaging spectrometers for lunar orbit exploration
载荷 IIM M3 Diviner IIRS HVM3 LTM WIRIS 时间 2007 2008 2009 2019 2025 2025 2026 任务 嫦娥一号
(中国)月船一号
(印度、美国)月球勘测轨道
飞行器(美国)月船二号
(印度)月球开拓者
(美国)月球开拓者
(美国)嫦娥七号
(中国)光谱范围/μm 0.48~0.96 0.43~3.0 0.35~400
3通道(7.80,
8.25, 8.55)0.8~5.0 0.6~3.6 7.0~10.0
6~100
11通道(7, 7.25, 7.5, 7.8, 8, 8.28, 8.55, 8.75, 9, 9.5, 10)0.45~10.0 光谱分辨率/nm 7.62 @0.48 μm
29 @0.96 μm15 ― 20~25 约15 <500 @7~10 μm ≤10 @ 0.45~3.0 μm
≤200 @ 3.0~10 μm瞬时视场/ mrad 1 0.7 3.4×6.7 0.4 0.7 0.25 0.18 表 2 嫦娥七号宽谱段红外光谱成像分析仪的主要技术指标要求
Table 2. Main technical specifications of WIRIS onboard the Chang’E-7 mission
名称 主要参数与性能要求 光谱范围/μm 0.45~10.0 光谱分辨率/nm 优于10 (0.45~3.0 μm), 优于200 (3.0~10.0 μm) 空间分辨率/mrad ≤ 0.2 (0.45~3.0 μm), ≤0.3 (3.0~10.0 μm) 视场角/(°) ≥3.8 系统静态传函 >0.1 (Nyquist, 全波段) 动态范围/dB ≥40 (0.45~3.0 μm) 等效信噪比 ≥150 (0.45~3.3 μm, 60°太阳高度角, 月面反照率0.09)
≥100 (0.45~3.3 μm, 5°太阳高度角, 月面反照率0.09)噪声等效温差 /K 0.2 (400 K, 3.3~6.5 μm); 0.4 (300 K, 6.5~10.0 μm) 表 3 光谱定标中的误差分析
Table 3. Analysis of spectral error in spectral calibration
光谱范围
/ μm误差项/ nm 合成误差 单色仪 环境 计算 波长精度 重复性 光谱分辨率 步进 拟合 3.0~6.0 0.2 0.075 2.74 0.002 0.05 0.1 2.751 6.0~10.0 0.2 0.075 5.48 0.002 0.05 0.1 5.485 表 4 辐射定标误差统计表
Table 4. Statistical table of radiometric calibration errors
谱段 相对辐射定标误差/K 绝对辐射定标误差/K 中波红外区(3.3~6.5 μm) ≤0.68 ≤1.56 长波红外区(6.5~10 μm) ≤0.95 ≤1.40 表 5 内方位元素测试结果
Table 5. Inner orientation element test results
通道 中波 长波 空间维主像点位置/pixel 245 274 单机焦距/mm 168.008 167.400 单机IFOV/mrad 0.179 0.179 单机视场/ (°) 4.535 4.529 -
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王梅竹 女, 1991年1月出生于天津市, 博士, 现为中国科学院上海技术物理研究所副研究员, 主要研究方向为深空成像光谱仪探测模式设计与数据定量化. E-mail:
刘成玉 男, 1985年12月出生于吉林省和龙市, 博士, 现为中国科学院上海技术物理研究所高级工程师, 主要研究方向为红外高光谱遥感定标与数据处理、红外高光谱遥感应用等. E-mail:
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