Progress Report on ASO-S: 2024－2026
doi: 10.11728/cjss2026.04.2026-yg08 cstr: 32142.14.cjss.2026-yg08
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Abstract: This paper report on the progress of the Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory (ASO-S) mission and the related research. ASO-S was launched on 9 October 2022. Since the end of the commissioning phase at the end of July 2023, the three scientific payloads FMG, LST, and HXI have obtained unique datasets of solar activities, including X-ray flares, 360 nm white light flares, Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs), filament eruptions, Lyα brightenings, etc. The data products and event lists have been released. The in-orbit tests and calibrations carried out during the commissioning phase, as well as the early results based on the ASO-S data, a total of 30 papers, were published in a topical collection of Solar Physics between 2023 and 2025. In total, more than 180 papers related to ASO-S have been published.
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Key words:
- Space astronomy /
- Solar physics /
- Spacecraft /
- Solar flares /
- CMEs /
- Solar X-ray bursts
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Figure 1. This screenshot displays the interactive HXI flare list with comprehensive panels of flare parameters, HXI quicklook data, selection tools, EOVSA data, SDO/AIA images, etc.
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[1] GAN W Q, ZHU C, DENG Y Y, et al. Advanced space-based solar observatory (ASO-S): an overview[J]. Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2019, 19(11): 156 doi: 10.1088/1674-4527/19/11/156 [2] GAN W Q, FENG L, SU Y. A Chinese solar observatory in space[J]. Nature Astronomy, 2022, 6(1): 165 doi: 10.1038/s41550-021-01593-9 [3] GAN W Q, ZHU C, CHEN B, et al. China’s first comprehensive space solar observatory[J]. Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2023, 47(2): 441-445 doi: 10.1016/j.chinastron.2023.06.002 [4] Gan W Q, Zhu C, Deng Y Y, et al. The advanced space−based solar observatory (ASO−S)[J]. Solar Physics, 2023, 298(5): 68 [5] GAN W Q. Status of the advanced space-based solar observatory[J]. Chinese Journal of Space Science, 2020, 40(5): 704-706 [6] GAN W Q. Progress report on ASO-S[J]. Chinese Journal of Space Science, 2022, 42(4): 565-567 [7] GAN W Q. Progress report on ASO-S: 2022-2024[J]. Chinese Journal of Space Science, 2024, 44(4): 687-689 [8] LIU H, LI H, ZOU S Z, et al. Improving image quality of the Solar Disk Imager (SDI) of the Lyα Solar Telescope (LST) onboard the ASO-S mission[J]. Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2025, 25(2): 025005 doi: 10.1088/1674-4527/ada425 [9] BAI X Y, DENG Y Y, ZHANG H Y, et al. Calibration and performance of the Full−disk vector MagnetoGraph (FMG) on board the advanced space−based solar observatory (ASO−S)[J]. Solar Physics, 2024, 299(11): 157 [10] SU Y, ZHANG Z, CHEN W, et al. The tests and calibrations of the hard X−ray imager aboard ASO−S[J]. Solar Physics, 2024, 299(10): 153 doi: 10.1007/s11207-024-02392-x [11] CHEN B, FENG L, ZHANG G, et al. Inflight performance and calibrations of the Lyman-alpha solar telescope on board the advanced space-based solar observatory[J]. Solar Physics, 2024, 299(8): 118 doi: 10.1007/s11207-024-02354-3 [12] HUANG Y, LI Y P, LIU S, et al. Science operation and data analysis center of the advanced space−based solar observatory (ASO−S) mission[J]. Solar Physics, 2024, 299(9): 135 doi: 10.1007/s11207-024-02368-x [13] CHEN J, WIEGELMANN T, FENG L, et al. FastQSL 2: a comprehensive toolkit for magnetic connectivity analysis[J]. SCIENCE CHINA Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy, 2023, 66(1): 15 [14] LI S T, FENG L, YING B L, et al. Carrington maps in H I Lyα and their relationships with extreme-ultraviolet and magnetic-field maps[J]. The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 2024, 969(1): L16 doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/ad5679 [15] WANG R, HU H D, ZHAO X W, et al. A major geomagnetic storm in 2024 October linked to sympathetic coronal mass ejection─prominence eruptions[J]. The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 2026, 1002(1): L23 doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/ae5801 [16] CHEN C X, SU Y, CHEN W, et al. Intense hard X-ray emissions in C-class flares: a statistical study with ASO-S/HXI data[J]. The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 2025, 987(1): L4 doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/addf2f [17] GAN Weiqun, SU Yang, FENG Li, et al. Brief review on early achievements of ASO-S in orbit[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2025, 43(16): 43-61 doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2025.02.00203 [18] JING Z C, LI Y, FENG L, et al. A statistical study of solar white-light flares observed by the white-light solar telescope of the Lyman-alpha solar telescope on the advanced space-based solar observatory (ASO-S/LST/WST) at 360 nm[J]. Solar Physics, 2024, 299(2): 11 doi: 10.1007/s11207-024-02251-9 [19] JING Z C, LI Y, LI J W, et al. The M- and X-class white-light flares in super active region NOAA 13664/13697 observed by ASO-S/LST/WST[J]. The Astrophysical Journal, 2025, 992(1): 72 doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ae0708 [20] LI D, HONG Z X, HOU Z Y, et al. Localizing quasiperiodic pulsations in hard X-ray, microwave, and Lyα emissions of an X6.4 flare[J]. The Astrophysical Journal, 2024, 970(1): 77 doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad566c [21] LI D. Localizing short-period pulsations in hard X-rays and γ-rays during an X9.0 flare[J]. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 2025, 695: L4 doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202453613 [22] ASHFIELD W, POLITO V, LÖRINČÍK J, et al. Spectroscopic observations of solar flare pulsations driven by oscillatory magnetic reconnection[J]. Nature Astronomy, 2026, 10(1): 54-63 doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6431269/v1 [23] RYAN D F, MASSA P, BATTAGLIA A F, et al. Triangulation of hard X-ray sources in an X-class solar flare with ASO-S/HXI and solar orbiter/STIX[J]. Solar Physics, 2024, 299(8): 114 doi: 10.1007/s11207-024-02341-8 [24] MROZEK T, LI Z T, KARLICKÝ M, et al. Kink-and-disconnection failed eruption in 3D[J]. Solar Physics, 2024, 299(6): 81 doi: 10.1007/s11207-024-02325-8 [25] Palumbo B, Massa P, Stiefel M Z, et al. 3D reconstruction of thermal hard X-ray sources in solar flares from combined STIX and HXI visibilities. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 2026, 710: A105 [26] ZHANG Q M, PAN W W, YING B L, et al. Tracking an eruptive intermediate prominence originating from the farside of the sun[J]. The Astrophysical Journal, 2025, 985(2): 237 doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/add328 [27] HU Z Y, JI K F, CHEN J, et al. Calibration scheme for space-borne full-disk vector magnetograph under the influence of orbiter velocity[J]. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 2022, 666: A93 doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202142920 [28] HU Z Y, JI K F, BAI X Y, et al. Nonlinear calibration method for FMG line-of-sight magnetic field[J]. Universe, 2025, 11(4): 108 doi: 10.3390/universe11040108 [29] XIA Y H, SU Y, LIU H, et al. A new solar hard X−ray image reconstruction algorithm for ASO−S/HXI based on deep learning[J]. Solar Physics, 2024, 299(11): 158 doi: 10.1007/s11207-024-02399-4 -
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