China’s Space Origins Exploration Program
doi: 10.11728/cjss2026.04.2026-yg18 cstr: 32142.14.cjss.2026-yg18
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Abstract: The Space Origins Exploration Program, one of the major programs of the Chinese Academy of Sciences for seizing strategic heights in science and technology, directly addresses the first-phase objectives of the National Mid- and Long-term Plan for Space Science in China (2024–2050). Focusing on fundamental questions concerning the “origins”, this program encompasses four flagship space science satellite missions: Discovering the Sky at the Longest wavelength (DSL), the Solar Polar Orbit Observatory (SPO), the Earth 2.0 (ET) mission, and the Enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry (eXTP) mission. By 2025, all four missions have completed the Preliminary Design Phase and are currently in the Prototype Phase, with launches scheduled between 2028 and 2030. Beginning in 2029, some missions will start nominal observations and produce scientific data, with the expectation of delivering major discoveries and original results on the origins of the universe, space weather, life, and extreme physical conditions.
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Key words:
- Space science /
- Space missions /
- Origins of the universe /
- Space weather /
- Space life
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[1] Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Space Administration of China; China Manned Space Engineering Office. National Mid- and Long-term Plan for Space Science in China (2024-2050) [EB/OL]. (2024-10-16)[2026-04-01] https://www.gov.cn/lianbo/bumen/202410/content_6980618.htm [2] WANG Chi, SONG Tingting, CAO Song. Current Progress and Future Prospects of Space Science Satellite Missions in China[J]. npj space exploration, 2026, 2(1): 9 doi: 10.1038/s44453-026-00028-x [3] CHEN Xuelei, YAN Jingye, DENG Li, et al. 2021 Discovering the sky at the longest wavelengths with a lunar orbit array[J]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A, 2021, 379(2788): 20190566 doi: 10.1098/rsta.2019.0566 [4] DENG Yuanyong, ZHOU Guiping, DAI Shuwu, et al. Solar polar-orbit observatory[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2023, 38(4): 298-308 [5] GE Jian, ZHANG Hhui, DENG Hongping, et al. The ET mission to search for earth 2.0 s[J]. The Innovation, 2022, 3(4): 100271 doi: 10.1016/j.xinn.2022.100271 [6] ZHANG Shuang-Nan, SANTANGELO Andrea, XU Yupeng, et al. The enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission—eXTP for launch in 2030[J]. SCIENCE CHINA Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy, 2025, 68(11): 119502 doi: 10.1007/s11433-025-2786-6 -
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