一种片上电离层TEC准实时卡尔曼滤波算法

李婧华; 马冠一; 万庆涛; 范江涛

doi:10.11728/cjss2025.05.2024-0108

一种片上电离层TEC准实时卡尔曼滤波算法

doi: 10.11728/cjss2025.05.2024-0108 cstr: 32142.14.cjss.2024-0108

中国科学院国家天文台　北京　100101
中国科学院大学　北京　100049

详细信息

通讯作者:

李婧华　1983年出生于河南, 现为中国科学院国家天文台应用天文学部高级工程师, 硕士生导师, 主要从事卫星导航与通信、电离层物理、电离层对卫星导航的影响等相关研究工作. E-mail: jhli@bao.ac.cn

中图分类号: P352
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出版历程
- 网络出版日期: 2025-02-12

A Quasi-real-time On-chip Ionospheric TEC Kalman Filtering Algorithm

National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049

摘要

摘要: 提出一种适用于片上的电离层总电子含量(Total Electron Content, TEC)准实时算法, 可降低电离层TEC监测设备的成本、体积、功耗和待传数据量, 并在ARM芯片上进行了验证. 为降低数据存储量和计算复杂度, 该算法收集和缓存20 min的GNSS双频伪距和相位观测值, 用载波相位平滑伪距的方法得到20 min内卫星至接收机视线路径上的斜向TEC (Slant TEC, STEC), 采用5 min的滑动步长进行下一组STEC的数据处理. 利用映射函数和多项式模型构建卡尔曼滤波的量测方程, 通过卡尔曼滤波迭代, 准实时给出测站上空的电离层垂直TEC(Vertical TEC, VTEC), 并与积累一天数据得到的STEC作为观测量进行卡尔曼滤波得到的VTEC进行了对比, 结果表明, 采用20 min的数据长度和5 min的步长对STEC进行准实时处理的方法是可行的.
- 电离层TEC /
- 卡尔曼滤波 /
- 准实时算法 /
- 电离层监测仪
Abstract: An on-chip quasi-real-time algorithm is proposed for monitoring the ionospheric total electron content (TEC). The algorithm can run on a standard commercial chip. In this way, the cost, power consumption, size and data to be transferred of TEC monitor are reduced. To minimize the cache capacity needs and computational load, the algorithm collects the GNSS dual-frequency pseudorange and phase measurements in 20 minutes. The TEC, based on phase measurements, is fitted to the TEC derived from pseudorange measurements to achieve high-precision TEC along the line-of-sight path (Slant TEC, STEC) within 20 minutes. A 5-min step is employed to compute the subsequent set of STEC. A thin-shell ionospheric model and vertical TEC (VTEC) polynomial model are used to construct the measurement equation of Kalman filter and acquire the quasi-real-time VTEC above the monitor. These VTEC values are compared with the results based on STEC from 1-day measurements. The results show that the quasi-real-time algorithm is effective. The algorithm is implemented on i.MX283 (Arm9™ Core).
- Ionospheric TEC /
- Kalman filter /
- Quasi-real-time algorithm /
- Ionosphere monitoring

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图 1 电离层薄层模型下卫星、接收机与星下点的关系

Figure 1. Satellite, receiver, and the IPP under ionospheric thin layer model

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图 2 数据预处理流程

Figure 2. Flow chart to obtain the slant TEC

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图 3 利用20 min的窗口长度和5 min滑动步长得到的STEC

Figure 3. STEC using the measurements in 20 min with 5 min step

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图 4 卡尔曼滤波算法实现流程

Figure 4. Flow chart of Kalman filter algorithm

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图 5 电离层监测仪得到的测站上空的TEC (a)和ΔTEC (b)

Figure 5. TEC (a) and the ΔTEC (b) above the monitor (40.00°N, 116.38°E)

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