Dust adhesion and contamination are critical issues in the lunar environment that must be addressed during lunar exploration missions. Jet dust removal is an efficient active cleaning technology. This paper investigates the factors that influence the removal of sharp lunar dust using a jet. First, ground simulation experiments were conducted to explore these factors. The results indicate that increasing the jet nozzle radius, jet angle, nozzle distance from the origin and gas stagnation pressure all significantly improves dust removal efficiency. For instance, raising the jet nozzle radius from 1 mm to 4 mm increased final removal efficiency from 82.09% to 97.83%. Similarly, raising the jet angle from 15° to 90° increased the final removal efficiency from 80.31% to 99.99%. Furthermore, a numerical simulation was conducted using a typical sharp lunar dust contact model and the discrete element method, as well as the rarefied gas dynamics DSMC algorithm. This analysis examined the efficiency of the jet dust removal system and the factors influencing this efficiency, as well as the thermoelectric effects caused by temperature and potential differences in the lunar environment. The results of the numerical simulation show that, as the lunar surface potential increases from 10 V to 25 V, the final removal efficiency improves from 88.92% to 94.1%. Similarly, when the temperature difference increases from 0 K to 300 K, the final removal efficiency improves from 88.92% to 91.6%. Comparing the experimental and simulation results verified the accuracy of the numerical model and identified the factors influencing jet dust removal and the sharp angular characteristics of typical lunar dust. It also revealed the impact of electrodynamic thermal effects on the efficiency of jet dust removal. This study systematically revealed the parameters influencing jet dust removal and the removal efficiency of sharp lunar dust in the lunar environment.
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