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HAN Yunman, YANG Yuyan, ZHAO Xiukuan, LÜ Jianyong, LIU Libo. Observation and Analysis of Ionospheric Perturbations Triggered by the 2025 Mw 7.7 Myanmar Earthquake (in Chinese). Chinese Journal of Space Science, 2026, 46(5): 1-10 doi: 10.11728/cjss2026.05.2025-0247
Citation: HAN Yunman, YANG Yuyan, ZHAO Xiukuan, LÜ Jianyong, LIU Libo. Observation and Analysis of Ionospheric Perturbations Triggered by the 2025 Mw 7.7 Myanmar Earthquake (in Chinese). Chinese Journal of Space Science, 2026, 46(5): 1-10 doi: 10.11728/cjss2026.05.2025-0247
shu

Observation and Analysis of Ionospheric Perturbations Triggered by the 2025 Mw 7.7 Myanmar Earthquake

doi: 10.11728/cjss2026.05.2025-0247 cstr: 32142.14.cjss.2025-0247
  • 1.

    State Key Laboratory of Environment Characteristics and Effects for Near‐space, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044

  • 2.

    Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Space Weather, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044

  • 3.

    Key Laboratory of Planetary Science and Frontier Technology, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029

  • 4.

    Heilongjiang Mohe National Observatory of Geophysics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029

  • Received Date: 2025-12-31
  • Rev Recd Date: 2026-04-16
    • Available Online: 2026-05-08
    Abstract
  • This study investigates Co-Seismic Ionospheric Disturbances (CSID) triggered by the Mw7.7 strike-slip earthquake in Myanmar on 28 March 2025, with a focus on how complex source rupture processes influence the earthquake–atmosphere–ionosphere coupling. High spatiotemporal resolution Total Electron Content (TEC) data from the ground-based GNSS networks IONISE and IGS are employed. CSID signals are effectively extracted through sliding-window detrending and a fourth-order Butterworth band-pass filter with a period band of 2-6 min. Results show that during 06:36–06:39 UTC, a clear N-shaped disturbance with a dominant period of approximately 5 minutes and a peak amplitude of 0.97 TECU emerged in the near-field region (<1000 km from the epicenter). The disturbance exhibits pronounced east-west azimuthal asymmetry, with significantly larger amplitudes in the eastern sector (azimuth 30°-225°) compared to the west. This asymmetry is consistently observed across multiple satellites with diverse viewing geometries—including near-zenith and geostationary satellites—ruling out line-of-sight geometric effects or geomagnetic modulation as primary causes. The horizontal propagation velocity of the CSID ranges from 1.6 to 3.4 km·s–1, showing clear azimuthal dependence and aligning closely with surface Rayleigh wave speeds, indicating that the disturbance is predominantly excited by the Rayleigh wave mode. The observed azimuthal asymmetry may reflect the modulation of Rayleigh wave radiation by the rupture directivity—initial bilateral propagation followed by unidirectional southward supershear rupture. Supershear rupture may theoretically enhance Rayleigh wave radiation in specific directions through Mach wave effects. Our findings suggest that GNSS-derived TEC observations are capable of capturing the directional characteristics of coseismic rupture, providing valuable observational insights into Rayleigh wave radiation patterns and lithosphere–atmosphere–ionosphere coupling processes.

     

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